On the number of perfect triangles with a fixed angle (Q2230923)

A \textit{Heron triangle} is a triangle with rational sides and rational area. A \textit{perfect triangle} is a Heron triangle where also the medians are rational. Non-existence of perfect triangles with one right angle is known and non-existence of general perfect triangles is common belief. This article presents a partial result towards proving this conjecture: For any \(\theta \in (0,\pi)\) the number of perfect triangles with angle \(\theta\) is finite (up to similarity). In fact, the author proves the stronger statement that for \(\theta \neq \pi/2\) there are only finitely many Heron triangles with \textit{two} rational medians. The proof interprets solution triangles as rational points of an irreducible curve \(X_{12} \in \mathbb{R}^4\). This curve is shown to be irreducible and of genus five whence Falting's Theorem on finiteness of \(K\)-rational points on algebraic curve over \(K\) of genus \(g \ge 2\) implies the statement.