Local topological obstruction for divisors (Q2231578)

Let \(X\) be a smooth projective variety over an algebraic closed field of characteristic zero and \(D\) be an effective divisor on \(X\). There are various obstruction theories attached to \((X,D)\): the topological obstruction to the deformation of the fundamental class of \(D\) as a Hodge class with values in \(H^2(\mathcal{O}_X)\) (see e.g. [\textit{K. Kodaira}, Complex manifolds and deformation of complex structures. Transl. from the Japanese by Kazuo Akao. Berlin: Springer (2005; Zbl 1058.32007)]), the geometric obstruction to the deformation of \(D\) as an effective Cartier divisor of a first order infinitesimal deformation of \(X\) with values in \(H^1(\mathcal{N}_{D/X})\) ([\textit{A. Grothendieck} ``FGA'', Secretariat Math. Paris (1962; Zbl 0239.14002)]). In this article, the authors give a ``local'' topological obstruction theory with values in the local cohomology group \(H^2_D(\mathcal{O}_X)\) and compare it with the obstruction theories mentioned above. As an interesting application, they give examples of first order deformations \(X_t\) of \(X\) where the class \([D]\) deforms as a Hodge class but \(D\) does not lift as an effective Cartier divisor of \(X_t\).