Exponential stabilization of the wave equation on hyperbolic spaces with nonlinear locally distributed damping (Q2234330)

Consider the following wave equation on a Riemannian manifold \(\mathbb{M}^{n}\): \begin{align*} \left\{\begin{array}{l} u_{t t}-\Delta_{g} u+a(x) g(u_{t})=0, \quad(x, t) \in \mathbb{M}^{n} \times(0,+\infty) \\ u(x, 0)=u_{0}(x), \quad u_{0}(x, 0)=u_{1}(x) \quad x \in \mathbb{M}^{n}, \end{array}\right.\tag{1-1} \end{align*} where \(g(s)\) satisfies \begin{align*} c_{1} s^{2} \leq g(s) s \leq c_{2} s^{2}, \quad s \in \mathbb{R}, \end{align*} and \(a(x) \in C^{2}(\mathbb{M}^{n}) \bigcap L^{\infty}(\mathbb{M}^{n})\) is a nonnegative function satisfying \begin{align*} a(x) \geq a_{0}, \quad x \in \mathbb{M}^{n} \backslash \Omega, \end{align*} where \(c_{1}\), \(c_{2}\), \(a_{0}\) are positive constants and \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{M}^{n}\) is a compact open set with smooth boundary. The energy of the system (1-1) is defined as \begin{align*} E(t)=\frac{1}{2} \int_{\mathbb{M}^{n}}\left(u_{t}^{2}+\left|\nabla_{g} u\right|_{g}^{2}\right) d x_{g} \tag{1-2}\end{align*} where \(dx_{g}\) denotes the volume element on \(\mathbb{M}^{n}\). When \(\mathbb{M}^{n}\) reduces to an Euclidean spaces, it was proven in [\textit{M. Hitrik}, in: Journées ``Équations aux dérivées partielles'', Plestin-les-Grèves, France, 5 au 8 juin 2001. Exposés Nos. I-XIV. Nantes: Université de Nantes. Exp. No. 6, 10 p. (2001; Zbl 1213.35329)] that the energy decay \begin{align*} E(t) \leq \frac{c}{1+t}\left(E(0)+\left\|u_{0}\right\|^{2}\right), t>0 \end{align*} under the assumption that \(g(s)=c s\) and there exist positive constants \(R_{0}\) and \(a_{0}\) such that \begin{align*} a(x) \geq a_{0} \text { for }|x| \geq R_{0}. \end{align*} However, whether the system (1-1) on noncompact Riemannian manifold can reach exponential stability is still an open problem. In the paper under review, the authors study the system (1-1) on hyperbolic spaces \(\mathbb{H}^{n}\), owing to the following inequality \[ \int_{\mathbb{H}^{n}} u^{2} d x_{g} \leq C \int_{\mathbb{H}^{n}}\left|\nabla_{g} u\right|_{g}^{2} d x_{g}, \quad \text { for } \quad u \in H^{1}\left(\mathbb{H}^{n}\right), \] they prove the exponential stabilization of the wave equation (1-1) by multiplier methods and compactness-uniqueness arguments. Precisely, they obtain that \[ E(T) \leq C_{1} e^{-C_{2} T} E(0), \quad \forall T>0, \] where \(C_{1}\) and \(C_{2}\) are positive constants.