New inverse and implicit function theorems for differentiable maps with isolated critical points (Q2236047)

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    New inverse and implicit function theorems for differentiable maps with isolated critical points
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      New inverse and implicit function theorems for differentiable maps with isolated critical points (English)
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      22 October 2021
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      The author proves variants of the inverse and implicit function theorems for functions which are not differentiable. For example, if \(\Omega \subset \mathbb R^m\) is open with \(m \geq 3\) and \(H: \Omega \to \mathbb R^n\) has at most finitely many critical points, then \(H\) is a local homeomorphism. This complements the standard statement that, if \(H\) has no critical points, then \(H\) is a local diffeomorphism [\textit{S. Rădulescu} and \textit{M. Rădulescu}, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 138, No. 2, 581--590 (1989; Zbl 0745.58008)]. The author also proves a topological implicit function theorem to the effect that, if \(\Omega \subset \mathbb R^n \times \mathbb R^m\) is open, \(F: \Omega \to \mathbb R^m\) is continuous, and for each \(x \in \mathbb R^n\), the restriction of \(F\) to \(\Omega_x = \{y \in \mathbb R^m: (x,y) \in \Omega\}\) is a local homeomorphism, then for any \((x_0, y_0) \in \Omega\) there is an open neighborhood \(U \times V \subset \Omega\) of \((x_0, y_0)\) and a continuous map \(g: U \to V\) such that for any \((x,y) \in U \times V\), \(F(x,y) = F(x_0,y_0) \iff y = g(x)\). As a consequence, the author recovers results of \textit{L. Hurwicz} and \textit{M. K. Richter} [Adv. Math. Econ. 5, 65--96 (2003; Zbl 1073.58009)] and \textit{J. S. Raymond} [Mathematika 49, No. 1--2, 141--158 (2002; Zbl 1051.26009)].
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      implicit and inverse function theorems
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      critical points
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      path-connectedness
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      simply connectedness
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      non-null homotopy
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      Jordan-Brouwer separation theorem
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