The cohomology of general tensor products of vector bundles on \(\mathbb{P}^2\) (Q2238227)

The main result of this paper computes the cohomology of the tensor product of two general stable vector bundles. More in detail, consider \(\mathbf{v}\) and \(\mathbf{w}\) two Chern characters of stable bundles on \(\mathbb{P}^2\). Take \(V \in M(\mathbf{v})\) and \(W \in M(\mathbf{w})\) two general bundles, such that the moduli space \(M(\mathbf{v})\) is positive dimensional and \(\mathbf{w}\) is sufficiently divisible (possibly replacing the character by \(m\mathbf{w}\), with \(m\in \mathbb{Q}_{\geq 0}\), depending on \(\mathbf{v} \)). Let \(E_+\) the primary correspondent exceptional bundle to \(\mathbf{v}\) and \[\mathbf{k} = \mathbf{v} - \chi(V \otimes E_+)\mbox{ch}E_+^*. \] Then, if \(\chi(\mathbf{v} \otimes E_+) > 0\), \(\mbox{rk}(k) > 0\), \(\chi(\mathbf{k} \otimes \mathbf{w}) < 0\) and \(\chi(\mathbf{w} \otimes E_+^*) > 0\), we have that \[ h^0(V\otimes W)= \chi(\mathbf{v} \otimes E_+)\chi(\mathbf{w} \otimes E_+^*) \mbox{ and } h^1(V\otimes W)= - \chi(\mathbf{k} \otimes\mathbf{w}). \] In all the other cases, either \(H^0(V \otimes W)=0\) or \(H^1(V \otimes W)=0\). The key ingredients of this interesting result are, first, to consider a Kronecker fibration determined by the Chern character \(\mathbf{v}\). This allows us to work with the exceptional bundles that arise when taking the Beilinson spectral sequence of \(V\). Afterwards, the general bundle \(W \in M(\mathbf{w})\) is used to decompose the \((\mu, \Delta)\)-plane, being \(\mu\) the slope and \(\Delta\) the discriminant of a bundle. Finally, the cohomology of \(V \otimes W\) is studied in every region obtained by the plane decomposition. The authors also characterize when \(V \otimes W\) is globally generated.