Rings of integers in number fields and root lattices (Q2243747)

Let \( K \) be a number field, \( \mathcal{O}_K \) the ring of algebraic integers in \( K \) and \( \theta \) the automorphism of \( K \), \( \theta^2 = \mathrm{Id} \). If \( I \) is an ideal in \( \mathcal{O}_K \), then the map \( \mathrm{tr}_{K,\theta} \) (\( \mathrm{tr}_{K,\theta} (x,y) = \mathrm{Trace}_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(x\cdot \theta(y))\)) is a nondegenerate symmetric bilinear form. A lattice \( (L,b) \) is called a \textit{root lattice} if the bilinear form \( b \) is positive definite and the \( \mathbb{Z} \)-module \( L \) is generated by the set \( \{x\in L \, | \, b(x,x)=1\ \mbox{or}\ 2\} \). In this paper the authors studied the pairs \( K, \theta \) (i.e., the lattices \( (\mathcal{O}_K, \mathrm{tr}_{K,\theta}) \)). They gave the classification of pairs \( K, \theta \) such that \( (\mathcal{O}_{K}, \mathrm{tr}_{K,\theta}) \) is a root lattice (Theorem 1). Moreover, they presented the list of trace forms \( \mathrm{tr}_{K, \theta}\) that are similar to a root lattice (Theorem 2) or a primitive root lattice (Theorem 3). Among the other results have obtained, the authors have also proved that there is no lattice \( (\mathcal{O}_K, \mathrm{tr}_{K,\theta}) \) that is similar to a positive definite even unimodular lattice of rank \( \leqslant 48 \).