A straightforward proof of the polynomial factorization of a positive semi-definite polynomial matrix (Q2249734)

A polynomial matrix \(P(x)=\sum_{i=1}^nP_ix^i\), where \(P_i\in\mathbb{C}^{n\times n}\), is called semidefinite if \(P(x)=P^*(x)\) and \(v^*P(x)v\) is non-negative for every \(x\in\mathbb{R}\) and \(v\in \mathbb{C}^n\). It is a well-known theorem that every positive semidefinite polynomial matrices with complex (real) coefficients can be written as a product of a polynomial matrix with complex (real) coefficients and its conjugate transpose. The author of this paper presents an elementary proof of this theorem. The complex case is proved first and the real case is concluded from the complex one.