Some unitary similarity invariant sets preservers of skew Lie products (Q2250760)

Let \({\mathcal H},{\mathcal K}\) be separable complex Hilbert spaces with dimension at least three. For bounded operators \(A\) and \(B\), the skew Lie product is defined as \(AB-BA^{*}\). Let \(W(\cdot)\) denote the numerical range and \(\sigma_{\varepsilon}(\cdot)\) the \(\varepsilon\)-spectrum. In this paper, it is proved that, for a bijective map \(\Phi:B({\mathcal H})\to B({\mathcal K})\), the following is equivalent:{\parindent=0.6cm\begin{itemize}\item[(i)] \(W(AB-BA^*)=W(\Phi(A)\Phi(B)-\Phi(B)\Phi(A)^*)\) for all \(A, B \in B({\mathcal H})\);\item[(ii)] \(\sigma_{\varepsilon}(AB-BA^*)=\sigma_{\varepsilon}(\Phi(A)\Phi(B)-\Phi(B)\Phi(A)^*)\) for all \(A, B \in B({\mathcal H})\);\item[(iii)] there exist a unitary operator \(U\in B({\mathcal H}, {\mathcal K})\) and \(\mu\in \{ 1, -1\}\) such that \(\Phi(A)=\mu UAU^*\) for all \(A\in B({\mathcal H})\). \end{itemize}} In the last section, the preservers of the numerical radius of skew Lie products are studied. For an additive surjective map \(\Phi\), it is proved that \(w(AB-BA^*)=w(\Phi(A)\Phi(B)-\Phi(B)\Phi(A)^*)\) for all \(A, B\) if and only if \(\Phi\) is a \(\ast\)-isomorphism, or a conjugate \(\ast\)-isomorphism, or their negative multiple.