Digital expansions with negative real bases (Q2250817)

For \(\beta>1\), the author considers \((-\beta)\)-expansions as introduced by \textit{S. Ito} and \textit{T. Sadahiro} [Integers 9, No. 3, 239--259, A22 (2009; Zbl 1191.11005)]: Using the transformation \(T_{-\beta}\) on \([-\beta/(\beta+1),1/(\beta+1))\) with \(x\mapsto-\beta x-\lfloor\beta/(\beta+1)-\beta x\rfloor\), its digits \(\varepsilon_n(x)\) are given by \(\lfloor\beta/(\beta+1)-\beta T_{-\beta}^{n-1}(x)\rfloor\) such that \(x=\sum_{n\geq 1} \varepsilon_n(x) (-\beta)^{-n}\) for \(x\in [ -\beta/(\beta+1), 1/(\beta+1))\). The author then characterizes all sequences of digits occurring as \((-\beta)\)-expansion of some \(-\beta/(\beta +1)\). It mainly consists of two conditions comparing all shifted versions of the sequence with the full sequence as well as with a fixed sequence given by some morphism of words. Here, comparison is by the alternating lexicographic order. Additionally, two more types of sequences have to be excluded. Furthermore, it is shown that \(\beta < \beta'\) if and only if the \((-\beta)\)-expansion of \(-\beta/(\beta+1)\) is less than the \((-\beta')\)-expansion of \(-\beta'/(\beta'+1)\) in the alternating lexicographic order. This also yields a correction of results of \textit{P. Góra} [Ergodic Theory Dyn. Syst. 27, No. 5, 1583--1598 (2007; Zbl 1123.37015)]. Corresponding results for positive bases are due to \textit{W. Parry} [Acta Math. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11, 401--416 (1960; Zbl 0099.28103)].