Characterization of optimal decompositions in real interpolation (Q2252924)

Let \((X_0,X_1)\) be a Banach couple, \(x\in X_0+X_1,\) and \(t>0.\) The general \(L_{p_0,p_1}\)-functional of J. Peetre used in real interpolation theory is defined by \[ L_{p_0,p_1}(t,x;X_0,X_1)= \inf_{x=x_0+x_1}\left(\frac{1}{p_0}\,\|x_0\|^{p_0}_{X_0}+\frac{1}{p_1}\,\|x_1\|^{p_1}_{X_1}\right)\,. \] An optimal decomposition for the \(L_{p_0,p_1}\)-functional is a decomposition \(x=x_{0,\mathrm{opt}}+x_{1,\mathrm{opt}}\) such that \[ L_{p_0,p_1}(t,x;X_0,X_1)= \frac{1}{p_0}\,\|x_{0,\mathrm{opt}}\|^{p_0}_{X_0}+\frac{1}{p_1}\,\|x_{1,\mathrm{opt}}\|^{p_1}_{X_1}\,. \] The authors obtain characterizations of these decompositions using the duality theory from convex analysis. One obtains also a geometrical interpretation for the optimal decomposition of the \(L_{p,1}\)-functional of the couple \((\ell^p,X)\) on \(\mathbb R^n\), for any real Banach space \(X\).