Approximate Hagemann-Mitschke co-operations (Q2254596)

A variety \(\mathbf V\) of universal algebras is \(n\)-permutable if for every algebra \(A\in \mathbf V\) and every pair of congruences \(R\) and \(S\) of \( A\) we have \((R\circ S)^n=(S\circ R)^n\). This notion is generalized such that a regular category \(\mathbf C\) is \(n\)-permutable if for every object \( A\) of \(\mathbf C\) and every pair of effective equivalence relations \(R\) and \( S\) on \(A\) we have \((R\circ S)^n=(S\circ R)^n\). It is well known that \(n\)-permutable varieties are characterized by Mal'tsev ternary terms or \((n+1)\)-ary algebraic operations. Moreover, Hagemann and Mitschke characterized \(n\)-permutable varieties in the language of reflexive subalgebras of square algebras from \(\mathbf V\). The paper generalizes these results for regular categories with binary coproducts.