Modulated traveling fronts for a nonlocal Fisher-KPP equation: a dynamical systems approach (Q2255999)

The authors investigated the following equation \[ u_t=u_{xx}+\mu u\left(1-\int_{\mathbb{R}}\phi(x-y)u(t,y)dy\right),\; x\in \mathbb{R}, \eqno(1) \] with \(\phi\geq 0,\phi(0)>0, \phi(x)=\phi(-x), \int_{\mathbb{R}}\phi(x)dx=1,\int_{\mathbb{R}}x^2\phi(x)dx<\infty\). If \(\mu\) small, it is known that \(u=0\), \(u=1\) and the decreasing traveling waves \(u(t,x)=U(x-ct)\) with \(U(-\infty)=1,U(\infty)=0\) are the only bounded solutions to (1). Assume \(\mu\) large, and the Fourier transform \(\hat{\phi}\) of \(\phi\) takes some negative values, then \(u=1\) is Turing unstable, which suggests the existence of non-monotone bounded solutions of (1). These non-monotone bounded solutions including the stationary periodic solution, and the modulated traveling wave solutions of the form \[ u(t,x)=U(x-ct,x),\quad \lim\limits_{\xi\to-\infty}U(\xi,x)=1+P(x),\; \lim\limits_{\xi\to\infty}U(\xi,x)=1. \] Here \(P(x)\) is a stationary periodic solution of \(0=v_{xx}-\mu v-\mu v \int_{\mathbb{R}}\phi(x-y)v(y)dy.\) The focus of this article is mainly on the existence of this kind of modulated traveling wave solutions. Additional, the authors have also shown the existence of stationary periodic solutions of (1) with a leading expansion form and discussed its stability. The method used in this article is center manifold theory and perturbation analysis.