Perturbations of Drazin invertible operators (Q2258131)

Let \(\mathcal H\) be a separable Hilbert space and \({\mathcal B}(\mathcal H)\) denote the space of all bounded linear operators on \(\mathcal H\). Let \(T \in {\mathcal B}(\mathcal H)\). If there exists an operator \(X \in {\mathcal B}(\mathcal H)\) such that \(TX=XT,~XTX=X\) and \(T^{k+1}X=T^k\) for some nonnegative integer \(k\), then such an \(X\) is unique, it is called the \textit{Drazin inverse} of \(T\) and is denoted by \(T^D\). If the Drazin inverse exists, we then say that \(T\) is \textit{Drazin invertible}. Let \(N(.)\) and \(R(.)\) denote the null space and the range space. We may recall that the \textit{ascent} of an operator \(T\) is the smallest nonnegative integer \(n\) such that \(N(T^n)=N(T^{n+1})\) and the \textit{descent} of \(T\) is the smallest nonnegative integer \(n\) such that \(R(T^n)=R(T^{n+1})\). It follows that if, the ascent and the descent are finite, then they coincide and this common value \(\operatorname{ind}(T)\) is called the \textit{index} of the operator \(T\). It is well known that \(T^D\) exists if and only if the ascent and the descent are finite and that the last equation in the definition of the Drazin inverse holds for any integer \(k \geq \operatorname{ind}(T)\). It is also known that, if \(T^D\) exists then \(R(T^k)\) is a closed subspace of \(\mathcal H\), where \(k=\operatorname{ind}(T)\). We may now state the main results of the article. Let \(T \in {\mathcal B}(\mathcal H)\) be Drazin invertible and \(k=\operatorname{ind}(T)\). Then \(T+S\) is Drazin invertible for each operator \(S \in {\mathcal B}(\mathcal H)\) with \(\| S \| < \delta\) (for some \(\delta > 0\)) if and only if the orthogonal complement of the subspace \(R(T^k)\) is finite dimensional. A sufficient condition for the Drazin invertibility of a finite rank perturbation of a Drazin invertible operator is also presented.