Weakly \(SS\)-quasinormal minimal subgroups and the nilpotency of a finite group. (Q2259517)

In the abstract theory of finite groups, one of the most fruitful topics is the study of what we can say about a group in which certain subgroups satisfy a subgroup embedding property. A formation is a class of groups closed under taking subdirect products and homomorphic images, it is saturated if it is also closed under taking Frattini extensions. Given a group \(G\) and a non-empty formation \(\mathfrak F\), the intersection \(G^{\mathfrak F}\) of all normal subgroups of \(G\) with quotient in \(\mathfrak F\) is called the \(\mathfrak F\)-residual of \(G\). We denote by \(\mathfrak N_p\) and \(\mathfrak N\) the formations of all \(p\)-nilpotent groups (\(p\) a prime) and all nilpotent groups, respectively. A normal subgroup \(N\) is called \(\mathfrak F\)-hypercentral in \(G\) if \(N\) has a chain of subgroups \(1=N_0\trianglelefteq N_1\trianglelefteq\cdots\trianglelefteq N_r=N\) such that \(N_{i+1}/N_i\) is an \(\mathfrak F\)-central chief factor of \(G\). The product of all \(\mathfrak F\)-hypercentral subgroups of \(G\) is the \(\mathfrak F\)-hypercentre \(\text Z_{\mathfrak F}(G)\). The hypercentre for the class of all nilpotent groups is denoted by \(\text Z_\infty(G)\). All groups in this review will be finite. Given a subgroup \(H\) of a group \(G\), we say that \(H\) is \textit{s-permutable} in \(G\) if \(H\) permutes with every Sylow subgroup \(P\) of \(G\). A subgroup \(H\) is said to be \textit{SS-quasinormal} in \(G\) if there is a supplement \(B\) of \(H\) to \(G\) such that \(H\) permutes with every Sylow subgroup of \(B\). A subgroup \(H\) is called \textit{weakly SS-quasinormal} in \(G\) if there exists a normal subgroup \(T\) of \(G\) such that \(HT\) is s-permutable and \(H\cap T\) is SS-permutable in \(G\). The main results of the paper are the following ones. Let \(p\) be a prime divisor of a group \(G\) with \(\gcd(|G|, p-1)=1\) and \(P\) a Sylow \(p\)-subgroup of \(G\); if every cyclic subgroup of \(P\cap G^{\mathfrak N_p}\) with prime order or order \(4\) (if \(p=2\) and \(P\) is non-abelian) but without a \(p\)-nilpotent supplement in \(G\) is weakly SS-quasinormal in \(G\), then \(G\) is a \(p\)-nilpotent group (Theorem 3.1). Let \(E\) be a normal subgroup of \(G\) such that \(G/E\) is nilpotent; if every minimal subgroup of \(E\) is contained in \(\text Z_\infty(G)\) and every cyclic subgroup of \(E\) of order \(4\) is weakly SS-quasinormal in \(G\) or lies in \(\text Z_\infty(G)\), then \(G\) is nilpotent (Theorem 3.2). Let \(\mathfrak F\) be a saturated formation containing \(\mathfrak N\); if every minimal subgroup of \(G^{\mathfrak N}\) lies in the \(\mathfrak F\)-hypercentre \(\text Z_{\mathfrak F}(G)\) of \(G\), then \(G\in\mathfrak F\) if and only if every subgroup of \(G^{\mathfrak F}\) of order \(4\) is weakly SS-quasinormal in \(G\) (Theorem 3.3). Let \(\mathfrak F\) be a saturated formation containing the class \(\mathfrak N\) of all nilpotent groups, then a group \(G\in\mathfrak F\) if and only if every minimal subgroup of the generalised Fitting subgroup \(\text F^*(G^{\mathfrak F})\) lies in \(\text Z_{\mathfrak F}(G)\) and every cyclic subgroup of \(\text F^*(G^{\mathfrak F})\) of order \(4\) is weakly SS-quasinormal in \(G\) (Theorem 3.5).