The stability radius of a semi-Fredholm operator (Q2266423)

Let N(T) denote the null space and R(T) the range of a semi-Fredholm operator T on a Banach space X. Let \(\gamma (T)=\inf \{\| Tx\|: dist(x,N(T))\}=1.\) We prove that \(\lim_{m\to \infty}\gamma (T^ m)^{1/m}\) is equal to the stability radius of T which is the supremum of all \(\epsilon >0\) such that \(\dim N(T-\lambda)\) and \(co\dim R(T- \lambda)\) are constant on \(0<| \lambda | <\epsilon.\) The proof is based on the injectivity radius formula of \textit{E. Makai}, jun. and the author [Integral Equations Oper. Theory 6, 372-384 (1983; Zbl 0511.47002)] and a geometric lemma of independent interest. It says that if T-\(\lambda\) are semi-Fredholm with \(\dim N(T-\lambda)=const.\) and \(co\dim R(T-\lambda)=const.\geq n,\) for \(\lambda\) in an open connected set D, then there is an n-dimensional subspace V of X such that \(V\cap R(T- \lambda)=\{0\}\) for \(\lambda\) in a prescribed compact subset of D. This completes the corresponding results obtained in the Fredholm case by \textit{K.-H. Förster} and \textit{M. A. Kaashoek} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 49, 123- 131 (1975; Zbl 0272.47020)] and \textit{P. Saphar} [Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. 82, 205-240 (1965; Zbl 0139.086)], respectively.