On extensions allowing a Galois theory and their Galois groups (Q2266738)

A field extension \(E| F\) allows a Galois theory if one has the usual bijective Galois correspondence between intermediate fields and subgroups of some fixed subgroup of \(G=Aut(E| F)\). This is the case if and only if \(E| F\) is an algebraic separable normal extension [the author, Math. Ann. 182, 275-280 (1969; Zbl 0182.064)] and the torsion elements of the profinite group G form a dense subgroup with finite layers (Theorem 1.10; for other characterizations of G see \textit{H. Bass} and the author [J. Indian Math. Soc., New. Ser. 36, 1-7 (1972; Zbl 0284.20037)]). Such a group G is a product of two closed normal subgroups which are prime sparse products of finite groups (i.e. of the form \(\prod H_ n\) with finite groups \(H_ n\) such that each prime divides only finitely many \(| H_ n|)\), but G itself is not always a prime sparse product of finite groups (theorems 1.12, 1.11). Furthermore, every subgroup of finite index in G is open, and G is a Hopfian group (Theorem 2.2, Cor. 2.6).