On the isomonodromic deformation for linear ordinary differential equations of the second order. II (Q2266804)

This is a continuation of part I [ibid. 57, 285-290 (1981; Zbl 0549.34011)]. The author considers differential equations \(L^ n_ J:d^ 2y/dx^ 2+p^ n_ Jdy/dx+q^ n_ Jy=0\) and the corresponding Hamiltonian systems \(P^ n_ J:\partial \lambda /\partial t=\partial H^ n_ J/\partial \mu\), \(\partial \mu /\partial t=-\partial H^ n_ J/\partial \lambda\), \(n=1,2,...\), \(J=VI,V,...,I\). Denote by \(\Gamma^ n\) the diagram consisting of \(L^ n_ J\) and \(P^ n_ J\). The author discusses the existence of a transformation \(\rho^ n: \Gamma^ 1\to \Gamma^ n\). He proves the following theorem: Let \(L^ n_ J\) and \(P^ n_ J\), \(n=1,2\) be given. Then for each J there exists a linear transformation \(\sigma_ J:z=S_ 1y'+S_ 2y\) \((S_ 1\) and \(S_ 2\) are rational functions), which takes \(L^ 1_ J\) into \(L^ 2_ J\) if and only if \(\lambda\) and \(\mu\) are related to \(\ell,m,t\) by the transformation \(\tau_ J:\lambda =\phi_ J(\ell,m,t)\), \(\mu =\psi_ J(\ell,m,t)\), where \(\phi_ J\) and \(\psi_ J\) are rational functions. The transformation \(\tau_ J\) maps \(P_ J^ 1\) into \(P_ J^ 2\). The general solution of the system \(P^ 2_ J\) \((J=VI,V,...,I)\) has a finite-order branching around its fixed singular points and its moving singular points are algebraic. The author makes the conjecture that for \(n=2,3,..\). the situation is similar. Explicit formulas are given for \(\sigma_ J\), \(J=II,...,VI\). Because the calculation of explicit formulas for \(\tau_ J\) becomes complicated with the increase of J the author suggests the use of computer.