The Laguerre-Sobolev-type orthogonal polynomials (Q2268567)

The authors study the asymptotic behavior of the Laguerre-Sobolev-type orthogonal polynomials \(\{{\mathcal L}_n^{(\alpha)}(x)\}_{n\geq 0}\), which are orthogonal with respect to the Sobolev-type inner product \[ \langle p,q\rangle_s= \int_0^\infty p(x)q(x) x^\alpha e^{-x}\,ds+ Np^{(j)}(0) q^{(j)}(0), \] where \(N>0\) and \(j\) is a natural number. First, they present the connection formula between the monic polynomials \({\mathcal L}_n^{(\alpha)}(x)\) and the Laguerre orthogonal polynomials \(\{L_n^{(\alpha+j+1)}(x)\}_{n\geq 0}\), and they prove that the zeros of the monic Laguerre-Sobolev-type orthogonal polynomials are real, simple and interlace with the zeros of the monic Laguerre orthogonal polynomials for \(n\geq j\). Finally, they obtain the outer relative asymptotic of the polynomials \({\mathcal L}_n^{(\alpha)}(x)\) in terms of \(L_n^{(\alpha)}(x)\), as well as the Mehler-Heine formula for the Laguerre-Sobolev-type orthogonal polynomials, that is, the behaviour of the rescaled polynomials \(\frac{\widehat{\mathcal L}_n^{(\alpha)}(x/n)}{n^\alpha}\) on compact subsets of the complex plane, where \(\widehat{\mathcal L}_n^{(\alpha)}(x)= \frac{(-1)^n}{n!}{\mathcal L}_n^{(\alpha)}(x\)).