Hyperbolic triangle centers. The special relativistic approach (Q2268740)

\textit{The hero of this book is Albert Einstein}, whose addition law, introduced in 1905, forms the powerful and elegant tool that enables hyperbolic triangle centers and relations between them to be determined. Being neither commutative nor associative, Einstein's addition law seemed to be structureless until its gyro-structure was discovered by A.A.Ungar in 1988. After the author had introduced vector algebra and Cartesian coordinates into hyperbolic geometry in his earlier books, along with novel applications in Einstein's special theory of relativity, the purpose of his new book is to introduce hyperbolic barycentric coordinates, another important concept to embed Euclidean geometry into hyperbolic geometry. It will be demonstrated that, in full analogy to classical mechanics where barycentric coordinates are related to the Newtonian mass, barycentric coordinates are related to the Einsteinian relativistic mass in hyperbolic geometry. Contrary to general belief, Einstein's relativistic mass hence meshes up extraordinarily well with Minkowski's four-vector formalism of special relativity. The structure of the book is the following: Part I, \textit{The Special Relativistic Approach to Hyperbolic Geometry}, contains three chapters preparing the background for the rest of the book: 1. Einstein Gyrogroups, 2. Einstein Gyrovector Spaces and 3. When Einstein Meets Minkowski. Part II, \textit{Mathematical Tools for Hyperbolic Geometry}, consists of the following chapters: 4. Euclidean and Hyperbolic Barycentric Coordinates, 5. Gyrovectors, 6. Gyrotrigonometry. The Cartesian-Beltrami-Klein model of the hyperbolic geometry of Bolyai and Lobachevsky is used. The development of the tools involves the adaption of Cartesian coordinates, barycentric coordinates, trigonometry and vector algebra into hyperbolic geometry. In part III, \textit{Hyperbolic Triangle Centers}, the tools presented so far are used to determine various hyperbolic triangle centers and some relationship between them. In particular, some gyrotriangle gyrocenters and related points are determined in terms of their gyrobaricentric coordinate representation with respect to their vertices. This part contains the chapters 7. Gyrotriangle Gyrocenters, 8. Gyrotriangle Exgyrocircles, 9. Gyrotriangle Exgyrocircles and 10. Epilogue. The book is aimed at a large audience: it can be enjoyed equally by upper-level undergraduates, graduate students, researchers and academics in geometry, abstract algebra, theoretical physics and astronomy. For a fruitful reading of this book, familiarity with Euclidean geometry is assumed. Mathematical physicists and theoretical physicists are likely to enjoy the study of Einstein's special relativity in terms of its underlying hyperbolic geometry.