Some addition to the generalized Riemann-Hilbert problem (Q2269765)

The generalized Riemann-Hilbert (RH) problem asks for the existence of a system of \(p\) linear ODEs, \(y_z=B(z)y\), with singular points \(a_1,\dots,a_n\) of the Poincaré ranks \(r_1,\dots,r_n\), having a prescribed monodromy and such that, for each \(i=1,\dots,n\), in a neighborhood of the singular point \(a_i\), this system is meromorphically equivalent to the system \(y_z=B_i(z)y\) of the Poincaré rank \(r_i\) which is minimal (the minimal Poincaré rank of the system at the point \(a_i\) is the smallest Poincaré rank in the class of meromorphically equivalent local systems). An analog of Plemelj's theorem implies that the generalized RH problem is always solvable if one allows the Poincaré rank of a global system at one of the singular points, say, \(a_1\), not to be minimal. The authors find an upper bound for this non-minimal Poincaré rank \(r_1'\) which ensures the solvability of the generalized RH problem, \(r_1'\leq r_1+(p-1)(n+R-2)\), where \(R=\sum_{i=1}^nr_i\geq1\). Using this estimate, the authors show that a local system of \(p\) linear ODEs in a neighborhood of an irregular singularity of Poincaré rank \(r\) can be meromorphically transformed to a Birkhoff standard form (equivalently, to a global system with an irregular singularity \(z=0\) of the Poincaré rank \(r'\leq r\) and a Fuchsian singularity \(z=\infty\)) if the minimal Poincaré rank \(r^0\) satisfies the inequality, \(r^0\leq r/p\).