On the quantum homology algebra of toric Fano manifolds (Q2269876)

The authors study algebraic properties of the small quantum homology algebra of symplectic toric Fano manifolds. A finite-dimensional commutative algebra over a field is called semisimple if it decomposes into a direct sum of fields. The quantum homology algebra of a symplectic manifold of real dimension \(2d\) is called semisimple if its \(2d\)-graded part is a semisimple algebra. Many examples of symplectic manifolds with a semisimple quantum homology are known. Semisimplicity also holds in the case of a smooth \(2d\)-dimensional toric Fano variety with respect to a symplectic form satisfying some genericity assumption. Entov and Polterovich posed the question whether the quantum homology is semisimple for any symplectic toric manifold. The authors answer this question negatively by constructing an example of a toric symplectic manifold whose quantum homology is not semisimple. For a toric Fano manifold, there exists a distinguished symplectic form \(\omega_0\), the unique symplectic form for which the associated moment polytope is reflexive. The authors show that this distinguished symplectic form is the worst: If for a toric Fano manifold the quantum homology with respect to \(\omega_0\) is semisimple, then it is semisimple for any choice \(\omega\) of a toric symplectic form. A weaker condition is to require that the \(2d\)-graded part contains a field as a direct summand. The analogue of the above also holds for this case: If for a \(2d\)-dimensional toric Fano manifold the \(2d\)-graded part of quantum homology with respect to \(\omega_0\) contains a field as a direct summand, then so does the \(2d\)-graded part of quantum homology with respect to any toric symplectic form \(\omega\). There is no example of a symplectic toric Fano manifold of dimension less than or equal to \(8\) whose \(2d\)-graded part of quantum homology does not contain a field as a direct summand. The property of having a field as a direct summand is equivalent to the existence of a non-degenerate critical point of the Landau-Ginzburg superpotential associated to the symplectic manifold. The authors use these results to construct new examples of symplectic manifolds admitting Calabi quasi-morphisms and symplectic quasi states. With these examples they can answer another question of Entov and Polterovich negatively, namely the question of uniqueness of Calabi quasi-morphisms.