On the construction of analytic solutions for a diffusion-reaction equation with a discontinuous switch mechanism (Q2271983)

There is considered mathematical model of a wound healing or a tumor growth. Domain \(\Omega\) consists of subdomains \(\Omega_1(t)\), \(\Omega_2(t)\) and \(\Omega_3(t)\) occupied by wound or tumor, active layer and outer tissue respectively. \(W(t)\) is the boundary between \(\Omega_1(t)\) and \(\Omega_2(t)\). It is required to find function \(c(t,x)\) (concentration of a growth factor) as a solution of a following problem: \[ \partial c/\partial t-\operatorname{div}D \operatorname{grad}c+\lambda c= P 1_{\Omega_2(t)}(x),\quad (t,x)\in (0,T]\times\Omega; \] \[ \partial c/\partial n=0, \quad (t,x)\in (0,T]\times\partial\Omega; \] \[ c|_{t=0}=0\quad\text{in }\Omega \] \[ v_n=0\quad \text{on }W,\text{ if }\max_{x\in W}c(t,x)<\hat{c} \] \[ v_n>0,\;\text{ if }c\geq \hat{c}\text{ on }W(t), \] where \(D, \lambda, P\) are nonnegative constant coefficients, \(1_{\Omega_2(t)}(x)\) is a characteristic function of \(\Omega_2(t),\) \(\partial c/\partial n\) in (2) is a normal derivative, \(\hat{c}\) -- threshold value of \(c(t,x)\), \(v_n\) is a velocity of \(W(t)\) on the direction of a normal \(n\) to \(W(t)\) and it is given. The authors prove unique solvability in \(V:=C^1[(0,T]; H^1(\Omega)] \cap C^0[[0,T]; H^1(\Omega)]\); construct the solutions; and analyze the influence of the coefficients of the problems on the solutions. There are obtained also the convergence of \(c(t,x)\) to the steady-state solution \(c_E(x)\in H^1(\Omega)\) as \(t\to \infty\); ``waiting time'' \(\tau\) (when \(\max_{x\in W}c(t,x)<\hat{c}\), \(t<\tau\)) as \(D\) goes to \(\infty\) or zero; estimates of \(c(t,x)\) and \(\tau\).