A compactness result for perturbed semigroups and application to a transport model (Q2272029)

The authors investigate the remainder term of order \(n\), \(R_n(t)=\sum_{j=n}^{\infty}U_j(t)\), of the Dyson-Phillips expansion \(V(t)=\sum_{j=0}^{\infty}U_j(t)\) of the strongly continuous semigroup \((V(t))_{t>0}\) generated by the operator \(T+K\), where \(T\) is the generator of a strongly continuous semigroup \((U(t))_{t\geq 0}\) on a Banach space \(X\) and \(K\) is a bounded linear operator in \(X\). Here, \((U_j(t))_{j\geq 0}\) is defined by \(U_0(t)=U(t)\) and \(U_j(t)=\int_0^tU(s)KU_{j-1}(t-s)\,ds\) for \(j\geq 1\). The main result of the paper shows that, under some assumptions, \(R_{2m+1}(t)\) is compact on \(X\) for each \(t>0\), and therefore \(U(t)\) and \(V(t)\) have the same essential type. This theorem is then applied to the study of the time asymptotic behaviour of the solution of a one-dimensional transport equation with reentry boundary conditions on \(L_1\)-spaces without regularity conditions on the initial data.