Single-valley solutions of the second type of FKS equation (Q2273624)

This paper is concerned with the existence and construction of single peak even solutions of the following Feigenbaum-Kadanoff-Shenker (FKS) equation: \[ g\left( g\left( \epsilon ^{2}x\right) \right) =-\epsilon g\left( x\right), \] under the condition \[ g\left( 0\right) =1, \] where \(\epsilon \) is a given number in \((0,1)\) and \(g:[-1,1]\rightarrow \lbrack -1,1]\) is an unknown function. Here a single peak even solution of is a continuous function \(g:[-1,1]\rightarrow \lbrack -1,1]\) which is even, strictly increasing on \([-1,0]\) and strictly decreasing on \([0,1].\) It is easy to see that if \(f:[0,1]\rightarrow \lbrack 0,1]\) is continuous, strictly decreasing on \([0,\alpha ]\) and strictly increasing on \([\alpha ,1]\) for some \(\alpha \in \left( 0,1\right) \) and satisfies \[ \begin{cases} f\left( f\left( \epsilon ^{2}x\right) \right) =\epsilon f\left( x\right) , \text{ }x\in \lbrack 0,1], \\ f\left( 0\right) =1, \end{cases} \tag{*} \] then such a single-valley solution will give rise to a single peak even solution \[ g\left( x\right) =\operatorname{sgn}\left( \alpha -\left\vert x\right\vert \right) f\left( \left\vert x\right\vert \right) ,\text{ }x\in \lbrack -1.1] \] of the FKS equation. The author then constructs single valley solutions of (*) by considering two cases: (i) \(\epsilon ^{2}\leq f\left( \epsilon ^{2}\right) <\alpha \) and (ii) \(\epsilon ^{2}\alpha <f\left( \epsilon ^{2}\right) <\epsilon ^{2}.\) The constructions are iterative. Although standard analytic ideas are used, the details are, however, not very clear.