Noncommutative invariant theory of symplectic and orthogonal groups (Q2273875)

Let \(G\) be one of the classical groups \(\mathrm{Sp}_d(\mathbb{C})\) (for \(d\) even), \(\mathrm{O}_d(\mathbb{C})\), or \(\mathrm{SO}_d(\mathbb{C})\). The authors give a method to compute the Hilbert series of the subalgebra of \(G\)-invariants in certain non-commutative graded algebras whose homogeneous components are polynomial \(\mathrm{GL}_d(\mathbb{C})\)-modules. More concretely, let \(W\) be a finite dimensional polynomial \(\mathrm{GL}_d(\mathbb{C})\)-module, \(T(W)\) the tensor algebra of \(W\), \(I\) a \(\mathrm{GL}_d(\mathbb{C})\)-stable ideal in \(T(W)\), and \(H((T(W)/I)^G,z)\) the Hilbert series of the subalgebra \((T(W)/I)^G\) of \(G\)-invariants in \(T(W)/I\). First, a formula is presented that expresses this Hilbert series in terms of the \(\mathrm{GL}_d(\mathbb{C})\)-multiplicity series of \(T(W)/I\). The formula is then applied to compute \(H((T(W)/I)^G,z)\) as an explicit rational function of \(z\) for some \(\mathrm{GL}_d(\mathbb{C})\)-modules \(W\), where \(I=I(\mathfrak{R})\cap T(W)\) is the T-ideal of \(\dim_{\mathbb{C}}(W)\)-variable identities of the variety \(\mathfrak{R}\) of associative algebras generated by the infinite dimensional Grassmann algebra, or the variety \(\mathfrak{R}\) of associative algebras generated by the algebra of \(2\times 2\) upper triangular matrices. In particular, the case when \(W=\mathbb{C}^d\) is the defining \(\mathrm{GL}_d(\mathbb{C})\)-module is settled. Note that the above two varieties are the only minimal varieties of exponent \(2\) (the exponent is defined in terms of the codimension sequence of \(\mathfrak{R}\)).