CM cycles and nonvanishing of class group \(L\)-functions (Q2275731)

Let \(K\) be an imaginary quadratic extension of a totally real field \(F\) of degree \(n:=[F: \mathbb Q]\) over \(\mathbb Q\), let \(H\) be the group of characters of the class group of \(K\), and let \({\mathfrak o}_F\) be the ring of integers of \(F\). Assuming the narrow ideal class number of \(F\) be equal to one, the author proves that \[ \#\{\chi\mid\chi\in H,\;L(\chi,1/2)\neq 0\}\ll_{F,\varepsilon} d^{0.01-\varepsilon}_K,\;\varepsilon> 0,\;d_K\to \infty, \] where \(d_K\) is the (absolute) discriminant of \(K\) and \(L(\chi, s)\) denotes the \(L\)-function associated to a Hecke character \(\chi\). To obtain his non-vanishing theorem, the author proves the following exact formula \[ {1\over|H|} \sum_{\chi\in H} |L(\chi,1/2)|^2= \sum_{z\in{\mathfrak C}}|E'(z,1/2)|^2, \] where \(E'(z,1/2)\) is the central value of the derivative of the weight zero, real analytic Hilbert modular Eisenstein series \(E(z,s)\) for \(\text{SL}_2({\mathfrak o}_F)\) and \({\mathfrak C}\) is the zero cycle of CM-points on the open Hilbert modular variety \(X_F:= \text{SL}_2({\mathfrak o}_F)\setminus{\mathfrak H}^n\) (here \({\mathfrak H}\) denotes the complex upper half-plane). By the works of \textit{S.-W. Zhang} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2005, No. 59, 3657--3689 (2005; Zbl 1096.14016)] and \textit{A. Venkatesh} [Ann. Math. (2) 172, No. 2, 989--1094 (2010; Zbl 1214.11051)], the CM-points of \(X_F\) are known to be equidistributed as \(d_K\to\infty\). Making use of this equidistribution result, the author obtains the lower bound \[ \sum_{\chi\in H} |L(\chi,1/2)|^2\gg_{F,\varepsilon} d^{0.5-\varepsilon}_K,\;\varepsilon> 0. \] An application of the Brauer-Siegel theorem completes the proof of the author's non-vanishing theorem.