Coupled Kähler-Ricci solitons on toric Fano manifolds (Q2279788)

The author and \textit{D. Witt Nyström} introduced the notion of coupled Kähler Einstein metrics in [Int. Math. Res. Not. 2019, No. 21, 6765--6796 (2019; Zbl 1429.32038)]. In the case of a Fano manifold \(X\), a tuple \((\omega_1,\ldots,\omega_k)\) of Kähler metrics on \(X\) forms a coupled Kähler-Einstein tuple if for each \(1\leq i \leq k\), \[ \operatorname{Ric}(\omega_i) = \omega_1 + \cdots + \omega_k. \] In the present paper, the author introduces a natural variant of coupled Kähler-Ricci solitons: a tuple \((\omega_1,\ldots,\omega_k)\) forms a coupled Kähler-Ricci soliton tuple if there exists holomorphic vector fields \(V_1,\ldots, V_k\) such that for each \(1\leq i \leq k\), \[ \operatorname{Ric}(\omega_i) - L_{V_i}\omega_i = \omega_1 + \cdots + \omega_k \] where \(L_{V_i}\) denotes the Lie derivative with respect to \(i\). The main result of the paper is a coupled generalization of the celebrated result of \textit{X.-J. Wang} and \textit{X. Zhu} [Adv. Math. 188, No. 1, 87--103 (2004; Zbl 1086.53067)], characterizing the existence of coupled Kähler-Ricci solitons on toric manifolds in terms of the weighted barycenters of the moment polytopes associated to the Kähler classes \([\omega_i]\). The author further checks that this condition can be interpreted as a (coupled) K-stability condition. A remarkable application is the existence of coupled Kähler-Einstein metrics \((\omega_1,\omega_2)\) on a Fano manifold which does not admit any standard Kähler-Einstein metric. The example obtained is not a completely unknown: this is the example originally exhibited by Futaki of a Fano manifold with reductive automorphism group but non-vanishing Futaki invariant [\textit{A. Futaki}, Invent. Math. 73, 437--443 (1983; Zbl 0506.53030)]. The reader may also be interested in the follow up article by the author and the reviewer [J. Math. Pures Appl. (9) 153, 281--315 (2021; Zbl 1490.53087)].