Exceptional slopes on manifolds of small complexity (Q2286175)

In this paper, the author provides a complete classification on the set of exceptional fillings for all cusped hyperbolic manifolds obtained by surgeries on the minimally twisted \(5\)-chain link (5CL). The minimally twisted \(5\)-chain link is quite a special \(5\)-component link, since most small volume hyperbolic \(3\)-manifolds and most manifolds in the Callahan-Hildebrand-Weeks census of cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds are obtained by surgery on the minimally twisted 5-chain link. The knots and links with \(1\), \(2\), \(3\) and \(4\) components that play a similar role are the figure-8 knot, the Whitehead link, the \(3\)-chain link (3CL) and the \(4\)-chain link with a half twist (4CL), respectively. In previous works, \textit{B. Martelli} and \textit{C. Petronio} [Commun. Anal. Geom. 14, No. 5, 969--1026 (2006; Zbl 1118.57018)] classfied all exceptional surgeries on 3CL and classified all exceptional fillings of cusped hyperbolic surgeries of 3CL. In further work, \textit{B. Martelli} et al. [ibid. 22, No. 4, 689--735 (2014; Zbl 1307.57009)] classified all exceptional surgeries on 5CL (in a not very explicit way). Building on the above work of Martelli-Petronio and Martelli-Petronio-Roukema, the author classfies all exceptional fillings for all cusped hyperbolic manifolds obtained by surgeries on 5CL. The process for obtaining the classification works as follows: 1. Study the cusped hyperbolic surgeries of 5CL that factor through 3CL, then the classification is done by the Appendix of the aforementioned work of Martelli-Petronio. 2. Study the cusped hyperbolic surgeries of 5CL that factor through 4CL but do not factor through 3CL, then the classification is done in Theorem 3.3. 3. Study the cusped hyperbolic surgeries of 5CL that do not factor through 4CL, then the classification is done in Theorem 3.1. The classification achieved in this paper gives positive evidence to several open questions in the field of Dehn surgery/filling (Theorem 1.1). Let \(M\) be a cusped hyperbolic surgery of 5CL, and let \(\tau\) be a fixed boundary component of \(M\), then the classification implies: 1. If \(M\) is the exterior of a knot in \(S^3\), then \(M\) does not have a non-prime filling; 2. If \(M\) has two exceptional slopes on \(\tau\) at distance greater than \(3\) apart, then they do not correspond to a lens space and a toroidal filling; 3. If \(M\) has 10 exceptional slopes on \(\tau\), then \(M\) is the figure-8 knot exterior; 4. If \(M\) is a manifold with exceptional slopes on \(\tau\) at distance greater than \(5\), then \(M\) is obtained by surgery on the Whitehead link; 5. \(M\) does not have more than one non-prime filling. Besides the above evidence to open questions, the classification also gives interesting infinite families of \(1\)- and \(2\)-cusped hyperbolic \(3\)-manifolds, including: 1. An infinite family of hyperbolic knots in \(S^3\) with consecutive integral toroidal, small Seifert manifold, and toroidal surgeries; 2. An infinite family of hyperbolic knots in \(S^3\) with three consecutive integral toroidal surgeries; 3. An infinite family of \(1\)-cusped hyperbolic manifolds with a reducible filling and three small Seifert manifold fillings at distance one from the reducible filling; 4. An infinite family of \(1\)-cusped hyperbolic manifolds with four small Seifert manifold fillings and a toroidal filling; 5. An infinite family of 2-cusped hyperbolic manifolds with four fillings on a fixed cusp containing an essential annulus.