Time evolution of a Vlasov-Poisson plasma with different species and infinite mass in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) (Q2286268)

The authors study the time evolution of plasmas, which are constituted from positive and negative species, using the \(n\) Vlasov-Poisson equations \[ \begin{gathered} \frac{\partial}{\partial t} f_i(\vec r,\vec v,t)+\vec v\cdot \frac{\partial}{\partial\vec r} f_i(\vec r,\vec v,t)+ e_i\vec E(\vec r,t)\cdot \frac{\partial}{\partial\vec v}f_i(\vec r,\vec v,t)=0,\\ \vec E(\vec r,t)= \sum^n_{i=1} e_i \int f_i(\vec r,\vec v,t)d\vec v \int \frac{(\vec r-\vec a)}{|\vec r-\vec a|^3}\,d\vec a,\\ f_i(\vec r,\vec v,t=0)= f_{i0}(\vec r,\vec v)>0,\ \vec r\in \mathbb{R}^3,\ \vec v\in \mathbb{R}^3. \end{gathered}\tag{1} \] Here \(f_i(x,v,t)\) is the distribution function of charged particles at time \(t\) in the phase space \((x,v)\), \(\sigma_i\) is the positive or negative charge per unit mass of the \(i\)th species, \(\rho_i\) are the spatial densities of the species, \(E\) is the electric field. For further analysis, the authors took advantage of the fact that the system (1) is invariant in time along the characteristics: \[ \begin{gathered} \frac{dr_i}{dt}= v_i,\\ \frac{dv_i}{dt}= e_iE(\vec r_i, t),\\ f_i(\vec r_i,\vec v_i,t)= f_{i0}(\vec r,\vec v,t=0). \end{gathered} \tag{2} \] The main result of the paper is the following theorem. ``Let us fix an arbitrary positive time \(T\). For any \(i=1,\dots n\), let \(f_{i0}\) satisfy the following hypotheses: \[ 0\le f_{i0}(\vec r,\vec v)\le C_1 e^{-\lambda}|\vec v|^2\frac{1}{(1+|\vec r|)^\alpha}, \] with \(\alpha>1\), and \(\lambda\), \(C_1\) positive constants. Then, there exists a solution to system (2) in \([0,T]\) positive constants \(C_2\) and \(\lambda_-\) such that \[ 0\le f_{i0}(\vec r,\vec v,t)\le C_2 e^{-\lambda}|\vec v|^2 \frac{1}{(1+|\vec r|)^\alpha}.\tag{3} \] This solution is unique in the class of those satisfying (3).'' Small remarks are given on the effect of a magnetic shield on the solution of the Vlasov-Poisson equations.