The Hausdorff dimension of integral self-affine sets through fractal perturbations (Q2287210)

The author considers affine iterated function systems of the form \(\{T^{-1}(\,\cdot\,+a_j)\}_{j=1}^q\), \(1 < q\in \mathbb{N}\), where \(T\) is an expansive \(2\times 2\)-matrix with integer entries and \(A := \{a_1, \ldots, a_q\}\subset\mathbb{R}^2\) is a digit set. It is assumed that the spectral radius of \(T^{-1}\) is less than one, \(A\subset \mathbb{Z}^2\), and \(|\det T| = q\). Under these conditions, there exists a nonempty compact subset \(F\) of \(\mathbb{R}\) such that \[ F = \bigcup_{j=1}^q T^{-1}(F+a_j). \] It is shown that the Hausdorff dimension of \(F\) is the limit of a monotonic sequence of McMullen-type dimensions. The proof relies on a new concept called fractal perturbation or deflection.