Leibniz conformal algebras of rank two (Q2287783)

Let \(k\) be a field of characteristic zero and \(H\) be a cocommutative Hopf algebra over \(k\). An \(H\)-pseudoalgebra is a left \(H\)-module \(A\) that admits a pseudoproduct map \(A\otimes A \to (H\otimes H)\otimes_AA\). When the pseudoproduct satisfies a Jacobi identity, \(H\) is called a Leibniz \(H\)-pseudoalgebra (and the pseudoproduct a pseudobracket). If the pseudobracket satisfies an additional asymmetry condition, then \(H\) is referred to as a Lie \(H\)-pseudoalgebra. In the special case that \(H = k[s]\) (a polynomial algebra in one variable), a Lie \(k[s]\)-pseudoalgebra is equivalent to a Lie conformal algebra. By way of analogy, the author introduces the terminology of a \textit{Leibniz conformal algebra} for a Leibniz \(k[s]\)-pseudoalgebra. Given a Leibniz \(k[s]\)-pseudoalgebra \(L\) (or Leibniz conformal algebra), one defines \(L\) to be abelian if \([L,L] = 0\) (using the pseudobracket) and \(L\) to be solvable if its derived series is finite. A finite \(k[s]\)-pseudoalgebra (i.e., one that is finitely generated over \(k[s]\)) can be identified as an extension of a \(k[s]\)-pseudoalgebra that is free over \(k[s]\) by an abelian one. So classifying these algebras reduces to the case that \(L\) is a free \(k[s]\)-module. The focus of this work is classifying such algebras of rank two (the rank one case being known). The author first considers the case that \(L\) is solvable. In general, \(L\) admits a unique solvable ideal, and the author works through a number of scenarios to give a complete classification of the possible \(L\). This classification in the setting of Leibniz \(k[s]\)-pseudoalgebras recovers known results for rank two Lie \(k[s]\)-pseudoalgebras (i.e., Lie conformal algebras), with the methods employed being from a pseudoalgebra perspective. As an application of the classification, one can identify a basis for the second cohomology group \(H^2(L,M)\) (of central extensions) when \(L\) is the (rank one) Virasoro Lie conformal algebra and \(M\) is a rank one representation of \(L\). As a Lie conformal algebra \(L\) is also a Leibniz conformal algebra, one could also consider the cohomology group \(Hl^2(L,M)\) in the sense of Leibniz algebras (i.e., central extensions of Leibniz conformal algebras). The author gives some examples of the relationship between these potentially different cohomology groups. [See also the author, Leibniz conformal algebras of rank three. In: Ring theory 2019. Proceedings of the eighth China-Japan-Korea international symposium on ring theory. Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, August 26--31, 2019. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 214--231 (2021; Zbl 1489.17003).]