On Serre's modularity conjecture and Fermat's equation over quadratic imaginary fields of class number one (Q2288327)

The study of Fermat's equation for general number fields relies on progress on modularity results. Though modularity of elliptic curves has been established for real quadratic fields, the case of number fields with complex embeddings is largely open. \textit{M. H. Şengün} and \textit{S. Siksek} [Comment. Math. Helv. 93, No. 2, 359--375 (2018; Zbl 1430.11045)] proved a remarkable result for general number fields \(K\) satisfying certain special properties; assuming some conjectures which are a part of the Langlands Programme, they proved that there is a constant \(B_K\) depending on \(K\) so that the Fermat's equation with exponent \(p > B_K\) does not have nontrivial solutions. The author of the present paper made the first attempt to make \(B_K\) explicit for some imaginary quadratic fields. In [Res. Number Theory 4, No. 2, Paper No. 24, 16 p. (2018; Zbl 1444.11050)], he treated the fields \(\mathbb{Q}(i), \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-2}), \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-7})\) assuming the truth of a version of Serre's modularity conjecture. Note that obvious nontrivial solutions like \(1, \omega, \omega^2\) exist for the Fermat equation of exponent \(p\) over \(\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-3})\); thus proving an analogue of Fermat's last theorem over \(\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-3})\) requires some conditions. In the present paper, the author extends his methods to other imaginary quadratic number fields of class number one. Over these fields \(K = \mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-d})\) with \(d \in \{3,11,19,43,67,163 \}\), the author shows (again under the assumption of a generalization of Serre's modularity conjecture) there are no coprime solutions in \(O_K\) of \(a^p+b^p+c^p=0\) for primes \(p \geq 19\) such that \(2|abc\). The condition \(2 |abc\) is added because \(2\) is inert in the above six fields, and the divisibility is needed in order to prove that certain mod \(p\) Galois representations are absolutely irreducible.