On a ``Martingale property'' of Franklin series (Q2288348)

A nested sequence of partitions of the interval \([0,1]\) into \(n=2^\mu+\nu\) subintervals is defined by dividing \([0,1]\) into \(2^\mu\) intervals of length \(2^{-\mu}\) and then adding the midpoints of the first \(\nu\) of these intervals. Let \(S_n\) be the set of piecewise linear continuous functions on the subintervals. Then the Franklin system consists of the sequence of orthogonal functions \(\{f_n\}_{n=0}^\infty\) with \(f_n\in S_n\) orthogonal to \(S_{n-1}\) for \(n\ge2\). A function \(f\in L^2[0,1]\) can be expanded as \(f(x)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty a_nf_n(x)\) with partial sums \(\sigma_n(x)=\sum_{k=0}^n a_k f_k(x)\). This paper derives convergence results that are analogous to convergence results obtained for other systems such as the Haar system [\textit{F. G. Arutyunyan}, Dokl., Akad. Nauk Arm. SSR 42, 134--140 (1966; Zbl 0178.40802)] and martingales [\textit{R. F. Gundy}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 124, 228--248 (1966; Zbl 0158.35801)]. Although the Franklin system is not a martingale, it has similar properties, which are exploited here to obtain similar convergence results. The key result in this derivation is the theorem saying that \(\inf_n\sigma_n(x)>-\infty\) on \(E\) implies that \(\sup_n\sigma_n(x)<+\infty\) a.e. on \(E\).