On the history of St. Petersburg school of probability and mathematical statistics. II: Random processes and dependent variables (Q2289227)

The authors present the following: ``This is the second paper in a series of reviews devoted to the scientific achievements of the Leningrad and St. Petersburg school of probability and mathematical statistics from 1947 to 2017. This paper is devoted to the works on limit theorems for dependent variables (in particular, Markov chains, sequences with mixing properties, and sequences admitting a martingale approximation) and to various aspects of the theory of random processes. We pay particular attention to Gaussian processes, including isoperimetric inequalities, estimates of the probabilities of small deviations in various norms, and the functional law of the iterated logarithm. We present a brief review and bibliography of the works on approximation of random fields with a parameter of growing dimension and probabilistic models of systems of sticky inelastic particles (including laws of large numbers and estimates for the probabilities of large deviations).'' The first section of this survey is devoted to limit theorems for development random variables. The authors consider the following items: -- Inhomogeneous Markov chains -- Bernstein's method (this technique is a general method for studying limit distributions for sums of dependent random variables, generally speaking, unrelated to Markov dependence) -- Processes generated by processes with mixing -- The invariance principle (functional limit theorems) -- Rate of convergence -- The law of the iterated logarithm -- The martingale-approximation method (the Gordin method). The second section deals with Gaussian random processes. The authors present the following items of this topic noting a fact that several fundamental results of the theory of Gaussian processes were obtained in Leningrad: -- Classical results -- Connection with intrinsic volumes. The third section of this paper is on the functional law of the iterated logarithm (FLIL). The fourth section ``Probabilities of small deviations'' consists of the following items: -- Sums of independent variables -- Riemann-Liouville processes -- Gaussian stationary processes -- Green's Gaussian processes -- Other results related to small deviations. The fifth and sixth sections are devoted to approximation of random fields of growing dimension and to stochastic systems of sticky particles, respectively.