Modeling the effects of vaccination and treatment on tuberculosis transmission dynamics (Q2294140)

Summary: In this study, we develop and analyze a deterministic mathematical model for tuberculosis (TB) transmission dynamics. The model includes vaccination for newborns and treatment for both high-risk latent and active TB patients. The stability of disease-free equilibrium point is discussed in detail. In the numerical simulation, the model parameters are estimated using reported TB incidence data in Ethiopia from the years 2003 to 2017, and \(\mathcal{R}_0\) is calculated as \(\mathcal{R}_0 \approx 2.13\). Finally, the sensitivity indices of \(\mathcal{R}_0\) with respect to the model parameters are performed, and their corresponding graphical results are presented. Our results quantify the positive influence of vaccination and the treatment for high-risk latent and active TB patients on the control of tuberculosis.