Examples of interacting particle systems on \(\mathbb{Z}\) as Pfaffian point processes: coalescing-branching random walks and annihilating random walks with immigration (Q2295684)

In this article, the authors study two continuous-time interacting particle systems on \(\mathbb{Z}\). The first one, called the \textit{Branching-Coalescing Random Walks} (BCRW) model, consists of particles hopping with rate \(p\) (resp. \(q\)) to the right (resp. left) and coalescing whenever they land on an occupied site. Further, each particle generates another one on the site to its left (resp. right) with rate \(\ell\) (resp. \(r\)). The second one, called the \textit{Annihilating Random Walks with Pairwise Immigration} (ARWPI) model, consists of particles hopping asymmetrically as in the BCRW model. But this time, if the particle lands on an occupied site, both particles annihilate. In addition, particles are simultaneously created on two neighbouring sites at rate \(m\). The main result of this article is that both the BCRW and ARWPI models at a fixed time are Pfaffian point processes for any deterministic initial condition. The authors also show that under diffusive space-time scaling (with appropriate rescaling of the parameters), these models lead to Pfaffian point processes on \(\mathbb{R}\) generalising the Brownian web and Brownian net.