Bi-Hamiltonian systems in \((2+1)\) and higher dimensions defined by Novikov algebras (Q2297924)

In the paper [\textit{I. A. B. Strachan} and \textit{B. M. Szablikowski}, Stud. Appl. Math. 133, No. 1, 84--117 (2014; Zbl 1301.35139)] the authors constructed a class of multi-component integrable systems associated to Novikov algebras, which interpolate between KdV and Camassa-Holm type equations. The construction is based on the classification of low-dimensional Novikov algebras by \textit{C. Bai} and \textit{D. Meng} [J. Phys. A, Math. Gen. 34, No. 8, 1581--1594 (2001; Zbl 1001.17002)]. These multi-component bi-Hamiltonian systems were interpreted as Euler equations on the centrally extended Lie algebras associated to the Novikov algebras. The related bilinear forms generating cocycles of first, second and third order were classified. In the present article, the results from the above paper are extended by considering central extensions, thus allowing the presence of additional independent variables. Some algebraic conditions associated with the first-order central extension with respect to additional independent variables are derived. As a result, new \((2+1)\)- and, in principle, higher-dimensional multi-component bi-Hamiltonian systems are constructed. The necessary classification of central extensions for low-dimensional Novikov algebras is done and the theory is illustrated by significant (\(2+1)\)- and \((3+1)\)-dimensional examples.