\(L^2\) extension of \(\overline{\partial}\)-closed forms from a hypersurface (Q2299595)

In this paper, the authors study the extension problems of Ohsawa-Takegoshi type in complex analytic geometry. To be precise, let \(X\) be a Stein manifold with Kähler form \(\omega\) and let \(\iota:Z\hookrightarrow X\) be a smooth hypersurface. Let \(L\to X\) be a holomorphic line bundle with smooth Hermitian metric \(e^{-\varphi}\). Assume the line bundle \(E_{Z}\to X\) associated to the smooth divisor \(Z\) has a section \(f_Z\in H^0(X,E_Z)\) and a smooth Hermitian metric \(e^{-\lambda_Z}\) such that \(Z\) is the divisor of \(f_Z\) and \[ \sup_X |f_Z|^2e^{-\lambda_Z}\le 1. \] The authors determine whether all \(L\)-valued \(\bar\partial\)-closed \((0,q)\)-forms on \(Z\) can be extended to \(L\)-valued \(\bar\partial\)-closed forms on \(X\) with certain \(L^2\) estimates. When \(q\ge1\), the authors introduce two different notions of extension. Under certain curvature assumptions, the authors are able to obtain affirmative results for the two types of extension. By comparing Berndtsson's result on compact Kähler manifold, the authors also obtain extension results with cohomology bounds in the Stein case. But they give an example in which there are \(\bar\partial\)-closed \((0,q)\)-forms that do not have \(\bar\partial\)-closed extensions with arbitrarily small \(L^2\) norm at the end of the paper. The proof of the main result is technical. To obtain \(L^2\) extension, the authors extend the form in an \(\varepsilon\)-neighborhood of the hypersurface \(Z\), then employ the twisted \(\bar\partial\)-equation to obtain a globally \(\bar\partial\)-closed form. To obtain the smooth extension, instead of minimizing over all possible extensions, the authors minimize over a subset of extensions that still have a uniform norm bound, but also carry a fixed amount of mass along the hypersurface.