On the chameleonic behaviour of cholesterol through a fractal/multifractal model (Q2299962)

Summary: An increasing number of studies are beginning to show that both low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol can constitute risk factors for myocardial infarction. Such a behaviour has been called by experts in the field the ``chameleonic effect'' of cholesterol. In the present paper, a fractal/multifractal model for low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol dynamics is proposed. In such a context, a fractal/multifractal tunneling effect for systems with spontaneous symmetry breaking is analyzed so that if the spontaneous symmetry breaking is assimilated to an inflammation (in the form of a specific scalar potential), then a coupling between two fractal/multifractal states can be observed. These two states, which have been associated to biological structures such as low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein, transfer their states through a fractal/multifractal tunneling effect. Moreover, in our opinion, the widely used notions of ``good'' and ``bad'' cholesterol must be redefined as two different states (low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein) of the same biological structure named ``cholesterol''. In our work, for the first time in the specialized literature, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein have been regarded as two different states of the same biological structure (named ``cholesterol''), such as in nuclear physics, the neutron and proton are two different states of the same particle named nucleon.