Codimension growth of central polynomials of Lie algebras (Q2300663)

Central polynomials for associative algebras play a prominent role in PI theory. Their existence was conjectured by Kaplansky. [\textit{E. Formanek}, J. Algebra 23, 129--132 (1972; Zbl 0242.15004)], and independently [\textit{Ju. P. Razmyslov}, Math. USSR, Izv. 7, 479--496 (1974; Zbl 0314.16016); translation from Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 37, 483--501 (1973)] proved that there exist central polynomials for the matrix algebras, by meansof direct constructions. Moreover, Razmyslov proved in that same paper that for every irreducible and faithful representation of a finite dimensional Lie algebra there exist central polynomials as well. [\textit{A. Regev}, Commun. Algebra 44, No. 10, 4411--4421 (2016; Zbl 1354.16023)] studied the growth of the vector space of multilinear central polynomials. He proved that the dimension of this vector space (excluding the identities) grows, in the case of matrix algebras, like an exponential function. Recently \textit{A. Giambruno} and \textit{M. Zaicev} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 147, No. 3, 909--919 (2019; Zbl 1409.16018)] proved that the same conclusion holds for any finite dimensional associative algebra. In the paper under review the authors consider a finite dimensional Lie algebra \(L\) over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0, and its adjoint representation. The main theorem of the paper is that the growth of the multilinear central polynomials for the adjoint representation of \(L\) is exponential and is like that of \((\dim L)^n\). As a consequence they obtain that the growth of the multilinear central polynomials of \(L\) is exponential if one considers an irreducible representation \(\rho\) of an arbitrary finite dimensional Lie algebra \(L\). In fact they prove that the PI exponent of the multilinear central polynomials exists and equals the weak PI exponent of \(L\) (that is the PI exponent of the ideal of weak identities for \(\rho\)), as well as the PI exponent of the proper central polynomials. All these are equal to \(\dim \rho(L)\).