Thomae's derivative formulae for trigonal curves (Q2300932)

The aim of this paper is to prove a Thomae derivative formula for trigonal curves \[ w^3=\prod_{i=1}^{3k}(z-\lambda_i), \] admitting a non-singular affine model. This formula relates the derivatives of theta functions with rational characteristics on the curve to explicit expressions in the branching values. This paper is organized as follows. The seminal paper [\textit{J. Thomae}, J. Reine Angew. Math. 71, 201--222 (1870; JFM 02.0244.01)] is mostly familiar due to the formulae relating branch points to the even theta constants on the genus \(g\) hyperelliptic curve \(X\). However, this paper also contains a formula for non-singular odd theta derivatives. In the first section the authors reprove this formula in order to illustrate their method by proving the Thomae's derivative formula in the hyperelliptic case. In the second section the authors recall the usual Thomae formula for cyclic non-singular covers of order \(3\) and prove some preliminaries and basic data that will be required later for their trigonal curves. The third section proves a Thomae derivative formula for trigonal curves with smooth affine models (these curves are called non-singular \(Z_3\) curves in [\textit{H. M. Farkas} and \textit{S. Zemel}, Generalizations of Thomae's formula for \(Z_n\) curves. Berlin: Springer (2011; Zbl 1222.14001)]).