Local parabolic and elliptic gradient estimates for a generalized heat-type equation under the Yamabe flow (Q2302923)

In this paper, the authors consider parabolic gradient estimates. P. Li and S. T. Yau proved type gradient estimates and Harnack inequalities to the heat equation \((\Delta-\partial_t)u = 0\). The Harnack inequality also applied to the Ricci flow by R. S. Hamilton and played an important role in solving the Poincaré conjecture. \textit{J. Li} [J. Funct. Anal. 100, No. 2, 233--256 (1991; Zbl 0746.58078)] obtained different type parabolic gradient estimates and Harnack inequalities for positive solutions to a heat-type equation of \((\Delta -\partial_t)u + hu^{\alpha} = 0.\) Elliptic gradient estimates are independent of partial derivatives in the time direction. R. S. Hamilton proved an elliptic type gradient estimate for the heat equation on a compact manifold. \textit{P. Souplet} and \textit{Q. S. Zhang} [Bull. Lond. Math. Soc. 38, No. 6, 1045--1053 (2006; Zbl 1109.58025)] derived a sharp localized version of elliptic type gradient estimates for positive solutions (bounded or not) to the heat equation by adding a logarithmic correction term. In this paper the authors prove local parabolic (Li-Yau's type and J. Li's type) and local elliptic (Hamilton's type and Shouplet-Zhang's type) gradient estimates for positive solutions to a generalized heat-type equation of \((\Delta_{\phi}-\partial_t)u = hu^q\) under the Yamabe flow. As applications of local parabolic gradient estimates, the authors establish associated Harnack inequalities.