Hénon elliptic equations in \(\mathbb{R}^2\) with subcritical and critical exponential growth. (Q2304223)

Let \(t_0\geq 0\), \(M>0\) and \(f\colon\mathbb{R}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}\) be a continuous function such that \(f(0)=0\) and \[\int_0^tf(s)ds\leq M|f(t)|,\ \text{ for all }\ t\in\mathbb{R}\setminus[-t_0,t_0],\] \[0<2\int_0^tf(s)ds\leq tf(t),\ \text{ for all }\ t\in\mathbb{R}\setminus\{0\}.\] Also, let \(\alpha\geq 0\), \(\lambda>0\), and \(B_1\) be the unit ball of \(\mathbb{R}^2\). In this paper, the following Dirichlet problem for the Hénon-type equation \[(P)\ \ \ \ \left\{\begin{array}{ll}-\Delta u=\lambda u+|x|^\alpha f(u),\ \ &\text{ in }\ B_1,\\ u=0, &\text{ on }\ \partial B_1,\end{array}\right.\] is investigated. Several existence and multiplicity results are established both in the critical and subcritical case (with respect to the Moser-Trudinger inequality) and for \(\lambda_{k-1}<\lambda<\lambda_k\), \(k\in\mathbb{N}\), where \(\lambda_0=0\) and \(0<\lambda_1<\lambda_2<\dots\) are the eigenvalues of \((-\Delta,H^1_0(B_1))\). The proofs are based on variational methods. In particular, a Mountain Pass Theorem is applied for \(0<\lambda<\lambda_1\) and a Linking Theorem is applied for \(\lambda_{k-1}<\lambda<\lambda_k\), with \(k\geq 2\).