Cauchy problem of semilinear inhomogeneous elliptic equations of Matukuma-type with multiple growth terms (Q2309154)

The structure and stability of positive radial solutions of the semilinear inhomogeneous elliptic equation \[ \Delta u +\sum_{i=1}^kK_i(|x|)u^{p_i} + \mu f(|x|)= 0,\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^n, \] with multiple growth terms, which is a generalization of Matukuma's equation (see [\textit{W.-M. Ni} and \textit{S. Yotsutani}, Japan J. Appl. Math. 5, No. 1, 1--32 (1988; Zbl 0655.35018)]), is considered. This equation is the positive steady state of the following Cauchy problem \[ \begin{cases}u_t=\Delta u+\sum_{i=1}^k K_i(|x|)u^{p_i} + \mu f(|x|)= 0, \quad&(x,t)\in\mathbb{R}^n\times(0,\infty),\\ u(x,0)=\varphi(x),&x\in\mathbb{R}^n, \end{cases} \tag{1} \] where \(n\ge3\), \(p_1\ge\ldots\ge p_k>1\), \(\mu>0\), \(f\ge0\), \(f\in C^1\), \(K_i\ge0\), \(i=1,\dots,k\) are locally Hölder continuous functions, \(\varphi(x)\) is a bounded non-negative continuous function in \(\mathbb{R}^n\). The main purpose of the paper is the investigation of the stability and weakly asymptotic stability of the positive steady states of the Cauchy problem (1). Let \(\|\psi\|_{\lambda}= \limsup\limits_{x\in\mathbb{R}^n} |(1+|x|) ^{\lambda}\psi(x)|\), where \(\psi(x)\) is a nonnegative and continuous function in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), \(\lambda\) is a real number. The main result is in Theorem 2.1. Let \(p_1> p(l_1)\) and \(I_m =\{1, 2,\dotsc l\}\), then any positive steady state \(u_\alpha\) of (1) is (i) stable with respect to the norm \(\|\cdot\|_{m+ \lambda_1}\); (ii) weakly asymptotically stable with respect to the norm \(\|\cdot\|_{m+\lambda_2}\). (The numbers \(p_1, p(l_1), m, \lambda_1< \lambda_2\) are connected with the functions \(K_i\) and the numbers \(p_i\), \(i=1, \dots,k\).)