Formal ball monads (Q2312469)

The author studies formal balls in the categories of quasi-metric spaces and \(1\)-Lipschitz maps as morphisms, or with \(1\)-Lipschitz continuous maps as morphisms. It is shown that the formal ball construction \textbf{B} induces monads on these categories. These are actually left Kock-Zöberlein monads. As an application, he studies the so-called Lipschitz regular spaces. This is a class of spaces that contains all standard algebraic quasi-metric spaces with relatively compact balls. The study shows that every space of formal balls is Lipschitz regular, although it fails to have relatively compact balls in general, as can be seen in Remark \(4.8\).