On the distribution of polynomial discriminants: totally real case (Q2313199)

For \(n \in\mathbb N\) and \(Q\geq 1\), denote by \(\mathcal{P}_n(Q)\) the set of all integer polynomials of degree \(n\) and height (naive height, Mahler height, length) \(h(P)\leq Q\). The signature of \(P\) is the number of pairs of complex (nonreal) roots of \(P\). For \(X\geq 0\) and \(0\le s\le n/2\), define the counting functions \[ N_n(Q,X) :=\# \{P\in \mathcal{P}_n(Q): |D(P)|\le X\}, \] \[ N_{n,s}(Q,X) :=\# \{P\in \mathcal{P}_n(Q): signature(P)=s, |D(P)|\le X\}. \] The author studies the distribution of the discriminant \(D(P)\) of polynomials \(P\in \mathcal{P}_n(Q)\). For general \(n\), the best up-to-date result is due to \textit{V. Beresnevich} et al. [Adv. Math. 298, 393--412 (2016; Zbl 1339.11073)] : \[ N_n(Q,Q^{2n-2-2v})\ll_n Q^{n+1-((n+2)/n)v} \] for \(0\leq v\leq n-1\). The author proves among others that for \(n\geq 3\) there exists a positive continuous function \(f_{n,s}:\mathbb R\to \mathbb R\) such that for any real \(X\) \[ \left|N_{n,s}(Q,X)-Q^{n+1}f_{n,s}\left(\frac{X}{Q^{2n-2}}\right) \right|\ll_n Q^n, \] where the implicit constant depens only on \(n\). The function \(f_{n,s}(\delta)\) is increasing as \(\delta\) grows, and \(\lim_{\delta\to 0}f_{n,s}(\delta) = 0\).