Homogenization of the boundary value problem for the Poisson equation with rapidly oscillating nonlinear boundary conditions: Space dimension \(n \geq 3\), critical case (Q2313251)

The authors describe the asymptotic behavior of the solution \(u_{\varepsilon }\) to the Poisson problem: \(-\Delta u_{\varepsilon }=f\) posed in a bounded domain \(\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^{n}\cap \{x_{1}>0\}\), \(n\geq 3\), with the boundary conditions \(\partial _{x_{1}}u_{\varepsilon }=\varepsilon ^{-\beta }\sigma (u_{\varepsilon })\) on \(\gamma _{\varepsilon }\), \(\partial _{x_{1}}u_{\varepsilon }=0\) on \(\Gamma _{1}\setminus \overline{\gamma } _{\varepsilon }\), \(u_{\varepsilon }=0\) on \(\Gamma _{2}\), the boundary \( \partial \Omega \) of \(\Omega \) being decomposed as \(\Gamma _{1}\cup \Gamma _{2}\) where \(\Gamma _{1}=\partial \Omega \cap \{x_{1}=0\}\), \(\gamma _{\varepsilon }\) being the union of \(\varepsilon \)-periodically distributed intervals of length \(a_{\varepsilon }\) with \(a_{\varepsilon }=C_{0}\varepsilon ^{\alpha }\), \(\alpha =\frac{n-1}{n-2}\). Here \(f\in L^{2}(\Omega )\) and \(\sigma \) is a continuously differentiable function such that \(\sigma (0)=0\) and \(0\leq k_{1}\leq \sigma ^{\prime }(u)\leq k_{2}\) for every \(u\in \mathbb{R}\). The authors then introduce a local test-function \(\widehat{w}\) in \(\mathbb{R}^{n}\cap \{x_{1}>0\}\) and establish estimates on this test-function. The main result proves that the weak solution to the above Poisson problem converges weakly in \(H^{1}(\Omega ,\Gamma _{2})\) and strongly in \(L^{2}(\Omega )\) to the solution \(u_{0}\) of the problem \(-\Delta u_{0}=f\) in \(\Omega \), with the boundary conditions \( \partial _{x_{1}}u_{0}-C_{0}^{n-2}H(u_{0})=0\) on \(\Gamma _{1}\) and \(u_{0}=0\) on \(\Gamma _{2}\). Here \(H(u)=-\int_{\gamma _{0}}\partial _{y_{1}}\widehat{w} (u,0,y^{\prime })dy^{\prime }\). The proof is deduced from the properties of the test-function \(\widehat{w}\) which allow to pass to the limit in the variational formulation associated to the Poisson problem.