Frobenius powers of some monomial ideals (Q2318377)

Let \(R=k[x_1,\ldots,x_n]\) be a polynomial ring of prime characteristic \(p\) with maximal ideal \(\mathfrak{m}=(x_1, \ldots, x_n)\). For any ideal \(\mathfrak{a}\) in \(R\) and \(t\) a non-negative real number, the authors define the generalized Frobenius power \(\mathfrak{a}^{[t]}\) which agrees with the Frobenius powers when \(t=p^e\) with \(e \in \mathbb{Z}\). They first define the Frobenius power for positive integers \(m=m_0+m_1p+\cdots m_rp^r\) to be \[\mathfrak{a}^{[m]}:=\mathfrak{a}^{m_0}(\mathfrak{a}^{m_1})^{[p]}\cdots (\mathfrak{a}^{m_r})^{[p^r]},\] then for rational numbers of the form \(m/p^e\) with \(\text{gcd}(m,p)=1\): \(\mathfrak{a}^{[m/p^e]}:=(\mathfrak{a}^{[m]})^{[1/p^e]}\). For a general non-negative \(t\), they define \(\mathfrak{a}^{[t]}=\bigcup_{k=1}^{\infty} \mathfrak{a}^{[t_k]}\) where \(t_k=m_k/p^{r_k}\) is a monotonically non-increasing sequence of positive rational numbers converging to \(t\). A non-negative real number \(\lambda\) is a critical exponent of an ideal \(\mathfrak{a}\) if \(\mathfrak{a}^{[\lambda]} \subsetneq \mathfrak{a}^{[\lambda-\epsilon]}\) for \(0 < \epsilon\leq \lambda\). The critical exponent of \(\mathfrak{a}\) with respect to \(\mathfrak{b}\) is \[\text{crit}(\mathfrak{a},\mathfrak{b})=\text{sup}\{t>0 \mid \mathfrak{a}^{[t]} \nsubseteq \mathfrak{b}\}= \text{min}\{t>0 \mid \mathfrak{a}^{[t]} \subseteq \mathfrak{b}\}.\] Some of the main goals of this paper are determining the critical exponents in the interval \([0,1]\) of powers of \(\mathfrak{m}\) and diagonal ideals \((x_1^{a_1}, \ldots, x_n^{a_n})\). As a preliminary step, they show that for every \(\mathfrak{m}\)-primary monomial ideal \(\mathfrak{a}\) the critical exponents are of the form \(\text{crit}(\mathfrak{a},(x_1^{u_1}, \ldots x_n^{u_n}))\) for some \((u_1, \ldots, u_n) \in \mathbb{N}^n\). They further show that the critical exponents \(\lambda \in [0,1]\) of \(\mathfrak{m}^d\) are of the form \[\lambda=\displaystyle\frac{k}{d}-\displaystyle\frac{[kp^s\% d]}{dp^s}\] where \([kp^e \% d] \) is the remainder of \(kp^e\) modulo \(d\) and \(s\) is the infinmum of the set of all \(e \geq 1\) where the remainders are less than \(n\). For each critical exponent \(\lambda\) as above \((\mathfrak{m}^d)^{[\lambda]}=\mathfrak{m}^{k-n+1}\). Using similar techniques they give expressions for the critical exponents of diagonal ideals. The many explicit examples given help to visualize their results for the critical exponents and the Frobenius powers for \(t \in [0,1]\). They conclude with discussing the relationship between \(F\)-jumping numbers of a polynomial of the form \(f=\alpha_1x_1^{a_1}+\cdots \alpha_n x_n^{a_n} \in \mathfrak{m}^d\) with the critical exponents of monomial ideals. In particular, they show that if the \(\alpha_i\) are algebraically independent then \(\tau(f^t)=(\mathfrak{m}^d)^{[t]}\) for \(t \in (0,1)\). Whereas if the \(\alpha_i\) are nonzero, not necessarily algebraically independent and \(p\) doesn't divide \(a_i\) then \(\tau(f^t)=(x_1^{a_1}, \ldots,x_n^{a_n})^{[t]}\) for \(t \in (0,1)\).