On the tightness of \(G_{\delta}\)-modifications (Q2322492)

Given a topological space \((X,T)\) the \(G_{\delta}\)-modification, denoted by \(X_{\delta}\), is the space with the same underlying set \(X\) and whose topology has as a base the collection of all \(G_{\delta}\) subsets of \(X\). \textit{A. Bella} and \textit{S. Spadaro} asked in [Colloq. Math. 156, No. 1, 123--133 (2019; Zbl 1420.54007)]: Is the inequality \(t(X_{\delta})\leq 2^{t(X)}\) true for \(X\) compact, or non-compact spaces? In the paper under review the authors answer the question positively for \(X\) compact and negatively under CH: \(c = 2^{\omega} = \omega_1\), for \(X\) non-compact, and ask what happens for large values of the continuum \(c\). In fact, for the compact case they prove a more general result: Theorem 2.1: If \(X\) is a regular Lindelöf space then \(t(X_{\delta}) \leq 2^{t(X)}\). In the negative case, the authors note that the one-point compactification of an uncountable discrete space is a counterexample under CH. The authors show the remarkable result that it is consistent with ZFC that no upper bound exists for the tightness of the \(G_{\delta}\)-modification of countable tight, even Fréchet spaces. The authors state that a previous result, due to \textit{I. Juhász} et al. [Topology Appl. 85, No. 1--3, 165--174 (1998; Zbl 0936.54005)], shows that for non-discrete spaces \(X\), it is consistent that \(t(X_{\delta}) = \omega_1\). They prove Theorem 3.1: Assume that \(S\) is a non-reflecting stationary set of \(\omega\)-limits in an uncountable regular cardinal \(\kappa\). Then there is a 0-dimensional Fréchet topology \(\tau\) on \(\kappa + 1 = \kappa\cup \{\kappa\}\) such that for the space \(X = (\kappa+1,\tau)\) we have \(t(X_{\delta}) = \kappa\). The authors raise the following two problems. Problem 1: Is it consistent to have a countably tight compactum \(X\) for which \(t(X_{\delta}) > \kappa\)? Problem 2: Is there a ZFC example of a countably tight Hausdorff or regular or Tychonov space \(X\) for which \(t(X_{\delta}) > 2^{\omega}\)?