On \((p,q)\)-Appell polynomials (Q2322521)

With a considerable research in the past on the polynomial sets, one of such is called Appell set, the paper under review discusses a certain class of polynomial sequences \{\(P_{n}(x)\)\} that satisfies \[ D_{p,q}P_n(x) = [n]_{p,q}P_{n-1}(px),\quad n=0,1,2,\dots \tag{1.3} \] It is observed that, for an arbitrary real or complex number \(p=1\), the reduced form of (1.3) initiates the investigation for \((p,q)\)-Appell sets which is a generalization of \(q\)-Appell sets, referred to a citation in the references of the paper. Section 2 describes some important definitions and results, namely, the twin basic number that is a generalization of the \(q\)-number, \((p,q)\)-binomial coefficients, falling and rising \((p,q)\)-powers, the \((p,q)\)-derivative, among many other. In Section 2.3, two propositions, on the \((p,q)\)-analogues of the exponential functions and the \(n\)th derivative of the \((p,q)\)-exponential functions are given with comprehensible proofs. Section 3 investigates and studies certain polynomials given by relation (3.1) and further suggested some characterizations of the \((p,q)\)-Appell polynomial sequences; proofs are elaborated the findings. Algebraic properties of the set of all polynomial sequences of \((p,q)\)-Appell type occupies Section 4. In Section 5, a recurrence relation and a \((p,q)\)-difference equation for the \((p,q)\)-Appell polynomials are derived by means of a thermo whose proof is elaborated for a lucid comprehension. Some examples (four in number) of the polynomial sequences of \((p,q)\)-Appell type sequences are given with proofs of their main structure relations.